Ibhukwana Lokufaka, Lokusebenza Nesondlo le-ASME Ball Valve

1. Ububanzi

Le manuwali ifaka phakathi okuqhutshwa ngogesi, okuqhutshwa umoya, okuqhutshwa nge-hydraulic kanye ne-oyela-igesi okuqhutshwa i-flanged uxhumano lwamagilavu ​​amathathu we-trunnion ball kanye namavalvu ebhola ashiselwe ngokuphelele ngosayizi wokuphakama we-NPS 8 ~ 36 & Class 300 ~ 2500.

2. Incazelo Yomkhiqizo

2.1 Izidingo zobuchwepheshe

2.1.1 Ukwakhiwa nokukhiqizwa okujwayelekile: I-API 6D, ASME B16.34

2.1.2 Izinga lokugcina lokuphela kokugcina: ASME B16.5

2.1.3 Izinga lobuso nobuso nobuso: ASME B16.10

2.1.4 Izinga lebanga lokushisa kwengcindezi: ASME B16.34

2.1.5 Ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa (kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic): I-API 6D

2.1.6 Isivivinyo sokumelana nomlilo: I-API 607

2.1.7 Ukulungiswa kwesibabule nokuhlolwa kwempahla (kusebenza kwinsizakalo emuncu): NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156

2.1.8 Ukuhlolwa kokukhishwa kombaleki (kusebenza insizakalo emuncu): ngokwe BS EN ISO 15848-2 Class B.

2.2 Ukwakheka kwe-valve yebhola

I-Figure1 Izingcezu ezintathu zebhola le-trunnion ball ezisebenza ngogesi

I-Figure2 Izingcezu ezintathu zebhola le-trunnion zebhola ezenziwe nge-pneumatic actuated

I-Figure3 Izingcezu ezintathu ezihlanganisiwe zebhola le-trunnion ball ezinomshini wokubacindezela

I-Figure4 Amaphayiphu ebhola ashiselwe ngokuphelele ane-pneumatic actuated

I-Figure5 Ingcwatshwe ama-valves ebhola eliphelele nge-oyela-igesi eyenziwe

I-Figure6 Amavalvu ebhola ashiselwe ngokuphelele anamafutha kagesi actuated

3. Ukufaka

Ukulungiselela kwangaphambili kokufakwa

(1) Womabili amapayipi wokugcina we-valve aselungile. Ngaphambili nangemuva kwepayipi kufanele kube yi-coaxial, indawo emibili yokufaka uphawu lwe-flange kufanele ifane.

(2) Amapayipi ahlanzekile, ukungcola okunamafutha, insimbi eshisayo, nakho konke okunye ukungcola kufanele kususwe.

(3) Hlola ukumakwa kwe-valve yebhola ukukhomba ukuthi ama-valve ebhola asesimweni esihle. I-valve izovulwa ngokuphelele futhi ivalwe ngokuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza kahle.

(4) Susa izesekeli zokuvikela ekuxhumaneni komphetho womabili we-valve.

(5) Bheka imbobo ye-valve bese uyihlanze kahle. Udaba lwangaphandle phakathi kwesihlalo sevalivu / indandatho yesihlalo nebhola, noma ngabe igranule ingalimaza ubuso bokubekwa uphawu kwesihlalo se-valve.

（6） Ngaphambi kokufakwa, hlola ngokucophelela i-nameplate ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlobo lwe-valve, usayizi, impahla yokuhlala kanye nebanga lokushisa kwengcindezi zifanele isimo sepayipi.

（7） Ngaphambi kokufakwa, hlola wonke amabhawodi namantongomane ekuxhumaneni kwe-valve ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyaqiniswa.

Movement 8 movement Ukuhamba ngokucophelela kwezokuthutha, ukuphonsa noma ukulahla akuvumelekile.

3.2 Ukufaka

(1) I-valve efakwe kupayipi. Ngezidingo zokugeleza kwemidiya ze-valve, qinisekisa ukukhuphuka nokunyuka komfula ngokuya nge-valve okufanele ifakwe.

(2) Phakathi kwe-valve flange nepayipi flange kufanele kufakwe ama-gaskets ngokuya ngezidingo zomklamo wepayipi.

(3) Amabhawodi we-Flange kufanele alingane, alandelane, aqinise ngokulinganayo

(4) Amaphayiphu wokuxhuma ashiselwe nge-butt okungenani ahlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo lapho ashiselwe ukufakwa ohlelweni lwamapayipi esizeni:

a. Ukushisela kufanele kwenziwe ngumshiseli onesitifiketi se-welder sokuthola iziqu esivunyelwe yi-State Boiler and Pressure Vessel Authority; noma umshiseli othole isitifiketi seziqu ze-welder esichazwe ku-ASME Vol. Ⅸ.

b. Imingcele yenqubo ye-Welding kufanele ikhethwe njengoba kucacisiwe kumanuwali yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yezinto zokushisela

c. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ukusebenza ngomshini nokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi yokugcwalisa yomthungo wokushisela kufanele kuhambisane nensimbi eyisisekelo

(5) Lapho uphakamisa nge-lug noma ngentamo ye-valve nokokufaka indwayimane kwesondo esandleni sakho, ibhokisi lamagiya noma ezinye izinto zokuzivocavoca azivunyelwe. Futhi, ukuphela kokuxhumeka kwama-valve kufanele kunake ukuvikela ekulimaleni.

(6) Umzimba we-valve yensimbi eboshiwe uvela esinqeni se-Butt 3 "noma ngasiphi isikhathi ngaphandle kwethempelesha lokushisa akufanele weqe ku-200 ℃. Ngaphambi kokushisela, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ukuvimbela ukungcola okufana ne-welding slag ngenkathi iwela esiteshini somzimba noma ekubekweni kwesihlalo. Ipayipi elithumele isikhungo esibucayi sokugqwala kufanele sithathwe isilinganiso sokuqina kwe-weld. Ubulukhuni be-welding seam ne-base material abukho ngaphezu kwe-HRC22.

(7) Lapho ufaka ama-valve nama-actuator, i-axis ye-actuator worm kufanele iqondane ngqo ne-axis yepayipi

Ukuhlolwa kwe-3.3 ngemuva kokufakwa

(1) Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa izikhathi ezi-3 ~ 5 zama-valve nama-actuator webhola akufanele kuvinjelwe futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-valve angasebenza ngokujwayelekile.

(2) Ubuso bokuxhunywa kwe-flange phakathi kwepayipi ne-valve yebhola kufanele kuhlolwe ukusebenza kokuvala ngokuya ngezidingo zokwakhiwa kwepayipi.

(3) Ngemuva kokufakwa, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kohlelo noma kwepayipi, i-valve kufanele ibe sesikhundleni esivuleke ngokuphelele.

4 .Operation, ukugcinwa kanye nokugcinwa

I-4.1 Ball valve ingu-90 ° uhlobo lokuvula nokuvala, i-valve yebhola isetshenziselwa ukushintsha futhi ayisetshenziswanga ukulungisa! Akuvunyelwe ukuthi i-valve esetshenziswe kumazinga okushisa angenhla nomngcele wokucindezela kanye nokucindezela okushintshanayo okuvamile, izinga lokushisa nesimo sokusebenza. Ibanga lokushisa kwengcindezi lizohambisana ne-ASME B16.34 Standard. Amabhawodi kufanele aqiniswe futhi uma kwenzeka kuvuza ekushiseni okuphezulu. Ungavumeli ukuthinta ukulayisha futhi into eyenzeka ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu ayikuvumeli ukuvela ekushiseni okuphansi. Abenzi bayo abanaki uma kwenzeka ingozi ngenxa yokwephulwa kwemithetho.

Umsebenzisi we-4.2 kufanele agcwalise uwoyela wokuthambisa (i-grease) njalo uma kunama-valve wamafutha angawohlobo lwe-lube. Isikhathi kufanele sibekwe ngumsebenzisi ngokuya ngemvamisa evulwa i-valve, imvamisa kanye ezinyangeni ezintathu; uma kunama-valve kagesi angaphansi kohlobo lwophawu, ukufaka i-grease yokufaka uphawu noma ukupakisha okuthambile kufanele kugcwaliswe ngesikhathi esifanele uma abasebenzisi bethola ukuvuza, futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuvuza. Umsebenzisi uhlala egcina imishini isesimweni esihle! Uma kunezinkinga ezithile zekhwalithi ngesikhathi sewaranti (ngokwesivumelwano), umenzi kufanele aye endaweni yesehlakalo ngokushesha futhi axazulule inkinga. Uma kungaphezu kwesikhathi sewaranti (ngokwesivumelwano), uma umsebenzisi esesidinga ukuxazulula inkinga, sizoya endaweni yesehlakalo ngokushesha futhi sixazulule inkinga.

4.3 Ukuzungezisa ngokwewashi kwamavaluva wokusebenza okwenziwa ngesandla kuzovalwa futhi ukuzungezisa okuphikisana nokuhamba kwewashi kwamavalvu wokusebenza okwenziwa ngesandla kuzovulwa. Lapho ezinye izindlela, inkinobho yebhokisi lokulawula nemiyalo kufanele ihambisane nokushintsha kwama-valve. Futhi gwema ukusebenza okungalungile kuzogwema ukwenzeka. Abenzi abanakwa ngenxa yamaphutha okusebenza.

4.4 Amaphayiphu kufanele kube ukugcinwa okujwayelekile ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwama-valve. Ubuso bokubekwa uphawu futhiukuhuzuka kufanele ihlolwe kaningi, njengokuthi ukupakisha ukuguga noma ukwehluleka; uma umzimba kwenzeka ukugqwala. Uma kwenzeka lesi simo esingenhla, kusesikhathini ukulungisa noma ukufaka esikhundleni.

4.5 Uma le ndlela ingamanzi noma uwoyela, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi ama-valve kufanele ahlolwe futhi anakekelwe njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu. Futhi uma okuphakathi kukonakalisa, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi wonke ama-valve noma ingxenye yama-valve kufanele ihlolwe futhi inakekelwe njalo ngenyanga.

I-4.6 Ball valve ngokuvamile ayinaso isakhiwo sokuvikela ukushisa. Lapho okuphakathi kungukushisa okuphezulu noma ukushisa okuphansi, ingaphezulu le-valve alivunyelwe ukuthinta ukuvimbela ekushiseni noma eqhweni.

4.7 Ubuso bama-valve nesiqu nezinye izingxenye zimboza kalula uthuli, uwoyela nesifo esithathelanayo esiphakathi nendawo. Futhi i-valve kufanele ibe nokuhuzuka nokugqwala kalula; ngisho kubangelwa ukushisa kokushayisana okudala ubungozi begesi eliqhumayo. Ngakho-ke i-valve kufanele ihlanzeke kaningi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuhle.

4.8 Lapho kulungiswa futhi kugcinwa i-valve, okufana nosayizi woqobo kanye nama-o-rings, ama-gaskets, amabhawodi namantongomane kufanele kusetshenziswe. Amasongo e-O namasokisi wamavali kungasetshenziswa njengezingxenye zokulungisa nokugcina ngendlela yokuthenga.

4.9 Akuvunyelwe ukususa ipuleti lokuxhuma ukufaka amabhawodi, amantongomane nama-o-rings lapho i-valve isesimweni sengcindezi. Ngemuva kwezikulufo, amabhawodi, amantongomane noma ama-o-rings, ama-valve angaphinda asebenzise ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokufakwa uphawu.
4.10 Ngokuvamile, izingxenye zangaphakathi zama-valve kufanele zikhethwe ukulungisa nokufaka ezinye, kungcono ukusebenzisa izingxenye zabakhiqizi ukufaka ezinye.

4.11 Amaphayiphu kufanele ahlanganiswe futhi alungiswe ngemuva kokulungiswa kwamaphayiphu. Futhi kufanele zihlolwe ngemuva kokuthi zihlanganisiwe.

4.12 Akunconyelwa ukuthi umsebenzisi aqhubeke nokulungisa i-valve yengcindezi. Uma izingxenye zokugcina ingcindezi zisetshenziswe isikhathi eside, futhi kwenzeka ingozi engaba khona, ngisho nokuthinta ukuphepha komsebenzisi. Abasebenzisi kufanele bathathe indawo ye-valve entsha ngesikhathi esifanele.

4.13 Indawo yokushisela ama-valve okushisela epayipini ayivunyelwe ukulungiswa.

4.14 Amaphayiphu asepayipini awavumelekile ukuthepha; yenzelwe ukuhamba futhi njengezinto ezisindayo ezikuyo.

4.15 Imikhawulo kufanele imbozwe ngesihlangu ekamelweni elomile nelinomoya, ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa bomgodi we-valve.

4.16 Amaphayiphu amakhulu kufanele aphakanyiswe futhi angakwazi ukuxhumana nomhlabathi lapho egcina ngaphandle Futhi, ubufakazi bomswakama obungenamanzi kufanele buqashelwe.

4.17 Lapho i-valve yesitoreji sesikhathi eside isetshenziswa kabusha, ukupakisha kufanele kuhlolwe ukuthi akuvumelekile yini bese kugcwaliswa uwoyela wokuthambisa ezingxenyeni ezijikelezayo.

4.18 Izimo zokusebenza kwe-valve kufanele zigcine zihlanzekile, ngoba zinganweba impilo yenkonzo yayo.

4.19 I-valve yokugcina isikhathi eside kufanele ihlolwe njalo futhi isuse ukungcola. Indawo yokubekwa uphawu kufanele inake ukuthi ihlanzekile ukuvimbela ekulimaleni.

4.20 Ukupakisha kwasekuqaleni kuyagcinwa; ubuso bama-valve, isiqu shaft kanye ne-flange indawo yokufaka uphawu kwe-flange kufanele inake ukuvikela.

4.21 Umgodi wama-valve awuvunyelwe ukukhipha lapho ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kungafinyeleli endaweni ebekiwe.

5. Izinkinga ezingaba khona, izimbangela nezinyathelo zokulungisa (bheka ifomu 1)

Ifomu 1 Izinkinga, izimbangela nezinyathelo zokulungisa

Qaphela: Umuntu wesevisi kufanele abe nolwazi olufanele nesipiliyoni ngama-valve